Whitepark pine guidelines for planting prescriptions

This paper reviews general literature, research studies, field observations, and standard Forest Service survival surveys of high-elevation whitebark pine plantations and presents a set of guidelines for outplanting prescriptions. When planting whitebark pine, the recommendations are: 1) reduce overstory competition; 2) reduce understory vegetation, especially grasses and sedges; 3) avoid outplanting in swales or frost pocket areas; 4) provide shade protection; 5) plant where there is protection from heavy snow loading; and 6) provide adequate growing space.