Heracleum (maximum)
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Jan Schultz Forest Plant Ecologist USDA FS - Hiawatha National Forest 1030 Wright Street Marquette, Michigan 49855 906.228.8491 906.228.4484 (fax) jschultz@fs.fed.us http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/copmc/ |
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| Family Scientific Name: | Umbelliferae | ||
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| Family Common Name: | Parsley Family | ||
| Scientific Name: | Heracleum maximum Bartram | ||
| Common Name: | Cow-parsnip | ||
| Species Code: | HEMA80 | ||
| General Distribution: | Flood plains and river banks, wet meadows and thickets, open hardwoods and clearings (spruce-fir at Isle Royale), borders of woods. White flowered flat broad umbels. Up to 2 meters (3-5 feet) in height. | ||
| Propagation Goal: | plants | ||
| Propagation Method: | seed | ||
| ProductType: | Container (plug) | ||
| Time To Grow: | 0 | ||
| Propagule Collection: | Seed is collected by hand from locally native plants within the eastern central Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Flowers from June to August. Seed is harvested in August-October. Seed is an achene. | ||
| Propagule Processing: | Dry seeds for 1 to 2 weeks in open paper bags or open Rubbermaid-style bins. Once seeds have dried begin stratification. Seed is not cleaned. | ||
| Pre-Planting Treatments: | Stratification: Seal the seeds in Ziploc-style bags or a Rubbermaid-style container with an equal mix of seeds with perlite or vermiculite. Add just enough water to barely saturate the mixture and store in a refrigerator or cold garage (42 degrees F) for at least 2 months. Cold store until planted (up to 3 years). | ||
| Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops: |
Propagation Environment: Greenhouse made of standard UV 3HL Clear 6 mil from (J.R. Johnson Supply, Inc.) Fans run continuously to circulate the air. Vents open during the summer months to allow for cooling. Container Type: It grows well in a variety of cell types. It grows especially well in 14"x8.5" trays having 24 cells, each being 2" in diameter and 4" deep. Further sowing of seed may determine a more accurate type of cell to use. Growing Media: Scotts Redi-earth Plug and Seeling Mix. Contains vermiculite,and sphagnum peat moss. Soil is sterile. Add enough water to the soil to saturate. Mix soil with a trowel. Cover holes in the bottom/sides of the plug tray cells with newspaper, as the soil will fall through. Fill cells with damp soil and press soil down with a spoon. Refill the cell plugs with soil to the top, this time not pressing it down. Thoroughly moisten soil in the plug cells, but do not saturate. Sow seeds by hand at a rate of about 3 seeds in each cell. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil or gently press seeds into the dirt. Sow year-round due to variable germination rates. |
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| Establishment Phase: | From Jan. thru Aug. the greenhouse thermostat is set at 65 degrees F both day and night. Ambient greenhouse temperatures may reach 100 degrees F during the day in the summer. From Sept. thru Dec. the thermostat is set at 55 degrees F. During this season ambient greenhouse temperatures may reach 75 degrees F. during the day. The greenhouse holds plants at all stages of growth so the temperature setting is consistent. Soil is kept consistently damp during germination. Water using a fine mist or light hose setting only. Newly planted trays are placed on the south side of the greenhouse. No artificial light is used. | ||
| Active Growth Phase: | The soil does not need to be consistently moist. Move trays to cooler north greenhouse tables. No fertilizers are used. | ||
| Hardening Phase: | In early-late spring, mature plants are moved into a cold frame with a cover of material that diffuses sunlight to prevent scorching of the plants. Once danger of frost has passed leave plants outside. Water less frequently. | ||
| Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: | In the Upper Peninsula, flats are out-planted from late May to early October. Flats that are not planted in the summer remain in the greenhouse for another season. Transplant plugs if necessary. | ||
| Other Comments: | Interesting foliage and height works well in background of wildflower garden. | ||
Citation:
Schultz, Jan; Beyer, Patty; Williams, Julie. 2002. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Heracleum maximum Bartram plants USDA FS - Hiawatha National Forest Marquette, Michigan. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/03). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.
