Pentaphylloides (fruticosa)

Tara Luna USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana 59936 (406) 888-7835 http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/azpmc

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Family Scientific Name:	Rosaceae
Family Common Name:	Rose family
Scientific Name:	Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) Schw.
Common Synonym:	Potentilla fruticosa L.
Common Name:	Shrubby cinquefoil
Species Code:	PENFRU
Ecotype:	Idaho fescue grassland, Saint Mary, 1371m elevation, Glacier National Park, Glacier Co., MT.
General Distribution:	P. fruticosa is a circumboreal species that occurs from Alaska to Labrador, south to California, throughout the Rockies and New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
Propagation Goal:	plants
Propagation Method:	vegetative
ProductType:	Container (plug)
Stock Type:	3L containers
Time To Grow:	1 Years
Target Specifications:	Stock Type: Container cutting<br> Height: 17 cm<br> Caliper: 8 mm<br> Root System: firm plug containers.
Propagule Collection:	Vegetative Propagation Method: Pre-Rooting Type of Cutting: Summer softwood stem cuttings collected in June and July.
Propagule Processing:	Cuttings are kept moist and under refrigeration prior to pre treatment.
Pre-Planting Treatments:	Cutting Treatments: Softwood cuttings are recut to 15 cm lengths, with 1/3basal leaves removed, and are treated with 1000 ppm liquid IBA. Cuttings are struck in mistbed with bottom heat. Rooting %: 51% to 76% Softwood cuttings taken from May to late July have the highest rooting percentages. Cuttings are very susceptible to rot due to excessive water. Misting frequency should be closely monitored during rooting.
Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:	The outdoor mistbed has automatic intermittent mist that is applied at 6 second intervals every 6 minutes. Too frequent misting will result in leaf and stem rot. Misting frequency is increased or decreased according to daily outdoor temperature and wind. Bottom heat is maintained at 21 C with heating cables buried 12 cm beneath rooting medium. Rooting medium is 50% perlite and 50% sand. Mistbed is covered with shadecloth during rooting. After cuttings are potted, they are moved to an outdoor shadehouse for 4 weeks. They are later moved to full sun exposure in the outdoor nursery and are irrigated with Rainbird automatic irrigation system in early morning until containers are thoroughly leached. Average growing season of nursery is from late April after snowmelt until October 15th.
Establishment Phase:	Time to Transplant: 8 weeks. Cuttings that were pre rooted were lifted out of mistbed after adequate root systems were formed. Roots generate from the nodes below the surface of the rooting medium.
Length of Establishment Phase:	8 weeks
Active Growth Phase:	After cuttings were lifted from the mistbed, they were potted into 3L containers. Growing medium used is 6:1:1 milled sphagnum peat, perlite, and vermiculite with Osmocote controlled release fertilizer (13N:13P2O5:13K2O; 8 to 9 month release rate at 21C) and Micromax fertilizer (12%S, 0.1%B, 0.5%Cu, 12%Fe, 2.5%Mn, 0.05%Mo, 1%Zn) at the rate of 5 grams of Osmocote and 2 grams of Micromax per container. Cuttings were irrigated after potting and placed in the shadehouse for 4 weeks. After establishment in the shadehouse, plants were moved to full sun exposure in the outdoor nursery. Root tight 3L (1 gallon) containers can be produced in 1 year from cuttings.
Length of Active Growth Phase:	8 weeks
Hardening Phase:	Irrigation is gradually reduced in September and October. Pots are flushed with clear water before winterization.
Length of Hardening Phase:	4 weeks
Harvesting, Storage and Shipping:	Total Time to Harvest: 1 year from cuttings. Harvest Date: August Storage Conditions: Overwinter in outdoor nursery under insulating foam and snow.
Length of Storage:	5 months
Other Comments:	P. fruticosa is a highly adaptable species which occurs from lowland prairies and forest edges to scree slopes above 8,000 feet in Glacier National Park. The broad ecological amplitude and circumboreal distribution of this species is indicative of its ease of propagation, establishment, and ability to withstand severe environmental conditions.
References:	Flora of the Pacific Northwest, Hitchcock and Cronquist, University of Washington Press, 7th printing, 1973. Seeds of the Woody Plants in North America, Young and Young, Dioscorides Press, 1992. Seeds of the Woody Plants in the United States, Agriculture Handbook No. 450, U.S.F.S., Washington D.C., 1974. Glacier Park Native Plant Nursery Propagation Records, unpublished. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination, Baskin and Baskin, Academic Press, 1998. The Reference Manual of Woody Plant Propagation, Dirr, M., Varsity Press, 1987. 1998 Revegetation Monitoring Report, Glacier National Park, Asebrook, J. and Kimball, S., unpublished.

Citation:

Luna, Tara; Evans, Jeff; Wick, Dale; Johnson, Kathy. 2008. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) Schw. plants 3L containers; USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/02). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.