Geum (macrophyllum)

Dave Skinner PMC Farm Manager USDA NRCS - Pullman Plant Materials Center Room 211A Hulbert Hall WSU Pullman, Washington 99164-6211 509-335-9689 509-335-2940 (fax) abbie@wsu.edu http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/wapmc

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Family Scientific Name:	Rosaceae
Family Common Name:	Rose
Scientific Name:	Geum macrophyllum Willd. perincisum (Rydb.) Raup
Common Name:	Large-leaved avens
Species Code:	GEMAP
Ecotype:	Pullman area
General Distribution:	Western North America south to New Mexico where mean annual precipitation ranges from 12-55 inches (USDA 2004). Occurs mostly in moist, partially shaded areas such as forest openings, meadows and shrub thickets. In eastern Washington it is sometimes found as an understory plant with Douglas hawthorn, Crataegus douglasii. For the species, wetland indicator status is FACW+ (US Fish and Wildlife Service 1988).
Known Invasiveness:	Will sometimes invade shady garden and landscape areas.
Propagation Goal:	plants
Propagation Method:	seed
ProductType:	Container (plug)
Time To Grow:	4 Months
Target Specifications:	Tight root plug in container.
Propagule Collection:	Fruit is an achene. Seed is collected in July when the inflorescence is dry and the seeds are brown in color. Harvested seed is stored in paper bags at room temperature until cleaned. 794,000 seeds/lb (USDA 2004).
Propagule Processing:	Small amounts are rubbed to free the seed, then cleaned with an air column separator. The seed is easily damaged by aggressive rubbing.
Pre-Planting Treatments:	Unpublished data from trials at the Pullman PMC showed 5% germination from unstratified seed. Seed given 30 days of cool, moist stratification germinated at 48%. Seed subjected to 60 days of cool, moist stratification germinated at 98%. 90 days of cool, moist stratification followed by cool, outdoor growing conditions resulted in 90% germination, but these plants were not ready to be transplanted to the field the same spring.
Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:	In November seed is sown in 10 cu. in. Ray Leach Super cell conetainers filled with Sunshine #4 and covered lightly. A thin layer of pea gravel is applied to prevent seeds from floating. Conetainers are watered deeply and placed outside for 60 days, after which time they are moved to the greenhouse. Alternately, seed can be moist stratified in a refrigerator for 60 days before sowing in the greenhouse.
Establishment Phase:	Medium is kept moist until germination occurs. Germination of stratified seed usually begins in 4 days and is complete in 8 days.
Length of Establishment Phase:	1 week
Active Growth Phase:	Plants are watered deeply every other day and fertilized once per week with a complete, water soluble fertilizer containing micro-nutrients.
Length of Active Growth Phase:	2-3 months
Hardening Phase:	Plants are moved to the cold frame in late March or early April, depending on weather conditions. They are watered every other day if the weather is cool, and every day during hot, dry spells.
Length of Hardening Phase:	2-4 weeks
Other Comments:	Plants intended to be overwintered in containers should be well protected from extreme cold weather. They are more susceptible than most native species to winter injury.
References:	Hitchcock, C. Leo, and Arthur Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press. Seattle, WA. 730 pp. Larrison, Earl J., Grace W. Patrick, William H. Baker, and James A. Yaich. 1974. Washington Wildflowers. The Seattle Audubon Society. Seattle, WA. 376 pp. Lyons, C.P. 1997. Wildflowers of Washington. Lone Pine Publishing, Renton, WA. 192 pp. Parish, Roberta, Ray Coupe, and Dennis Lloyd (eds.). 1996. Plants of Southern Interior British Columbia. Lone Pine Publishing, Vancouver, BC, Canada. 463 pp. Rickett, Harold W. 1973. Wildflowers of the United States: The Central Mountains and Plains. Vol. 6. (3 parts). McGraw Hill, New York. St. John, Harold. 1963. Flora of Southeastern Washington and of Adjacent Idaho. 3rd edition. Outdoor Pictures. Escondido, CA. 583 pp. USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. US Fish and Wildlife Service. 1988. National list of vascular plant species that occur in wetlands. US Fish & Wildlife Service Biological Report 88 (24).

Citation:

Skinner, David M,. 2005. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Geum macrophyllum Willd. plants USDA NRCS - Pullman Plant Materials Center Pullman, Washington. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/03). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.