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The Forest Service National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources (RNGR) is a leading source of technical information for nurseries and land managers regarding production and planting of trees and other native plants for reforestation, restoration, and conservation.

 
NPN Protocol Details Image

Lupinus (succulentus)

Michael Herrera
Nursery Manager
Catalina Island Conservancy
PO Box 2739
Avalon, California 90704
(310) 510-2904
(310) 510-3157 (fax)
mherrera@catalinaconservancy.org
www.catalinaconservancy.org
Family Scientific Name: Fabaceae
Family Common Name: Legume Family
Scientific Name: Lupinus succulentus Dougl. ex K. Koch
Common Name: Arroyo Lupine
Species Code: LUPSUC
Ecotype: Catalina Island, California
General Distribution: Arroyo lupine is an annual species found throughout southern California and the Channel islands. On Catalina Island, it inhabits open grassy slopes and rocky ridges.
Propagation Goal: plants
Propagation Method: seed
ProductType: Container (plug)
Stock Type: 2 inch containers
Time To Grow: 4 Months
Target Specifications: Height: N/A<br> Caliper: N/A<br> Root System: Firm root plug in container.
Propagule Collection: Pods are hand collected when they are fully matured. We have collected pods from late May to June.
Propagule Processing: Fruits dry in paper bags in a warm, dry room. We clean the seeds by rubbing dry fruits over a large screen or a US Standard sieve (#5). We screen material through Graimans brand "J" pan (10/64ths) for large debris and a Graimans brand "W" pan (5/64ths) for small debris. We blow material at 90 setting to remove any remaining debris.
After seeds have been cleaned, they are stored under refrigeration in air tight glass containers at 40 F and 40% RH. With 5 collections, seeds average 3.11 grams per 100 seeds.
Inferred seed dormancy for Lupinus is physical dormancy.
Pre-Planting Treatments: We use 5 minute 5% bleach solution soak to surface sterilize seed coats prior to testing or sowing.
We use a 2 hour hot water scarification treatment to maximize germination rates.
Germination percentages have ranged from 20 to 98%.
Growing Area Preparation/
Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:		 The James H. Ackerman Native Plant Nursery is located on Catalina Island off the coast of southern California. From 1993 to 2004, the average maximum and minimum temperatures have been 75.4 F and 46 F, with an average of 361 frost free days per year and annual rainfall of 14 inches.
The facility is comprised of shade houses, mist propagation house, and an outdoor growing compound. All propagation environments are utilized at different stages of seedling growth to provide for the variance in temperature and shading requirements needed during the growing season. We irrigate all containers with an overhead emitter system in the shadehouses and use a drip system or hand water in the outdoor nursery.
Establishment Phase: Seeds are germinated during early spring months in a shadehouse were they remain for several weeks. Flats and containers are filled with a 1 inch layer of special seed germination mix of 1:1 (v:v) Sunshine Professional Growing Mix and sand on top of 4:1:1 (v:v:v) peat, perlite, and organic compost. We incorporate Osmocote time release fertilizer (9 month release rate) (14 N:14P2O5:14K2O) at the rate of « cup per 0.75 cubic yard of medium. Seeded flats are watered with an overhead emitter system as needed.
Seeds germinate 2 to 4 weeks after sowing.
Length of Establishment Phase: 1 month
Active Growth Phase: After seedlings are well established and have at least 2 true leaves, they are transplanted into 2 inch containers filled with a growing medium of 4:1:1 (v:v:v) peat, perlite, and organic compost. Osmocote time release fertilizer (9 mo release rate) (14 N:14P2O5:14K2O) is incorporated into the medium at a rate of
of « cup per .75 cubic yards of medium.
Length of Active Growth Phase: 3 months
Hardening Phase: Any nursery stock grown under shadehouse conditions are hardened by placing them in full sun exposure for a minimum of 2 weeks prior to outplanting.
Length of Hardening Phase: 2 to 4 weeks

Citation:

Herrera, Mike. 2006. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Lupinus succulentus Dougl. ex K. Koch plants 2 inch containers; Catalina Island Conservancy Avalon, California. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2025/04/29). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.