Cynoglossum (grande )

Lee Riley Horticulturist USDA FS - Dorena Genetic Resource Center 34963 Shoreview Road Cottage Grove, Oregon 97424 541-915-7324 541-767-5709 (fax) leriley@fs.fed.us

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Family Scientific Name:	Boraginaceae
Family Common Name:	Borage
Scientific Name:	Cynoglossum grande
Common Synonym:	Adelinia grande
Common Name:	Pacific hound’s tongue
Species Code:	CYGR
Ecotype:	Southern Oregon
General Distribution:	Grows mostly in relatively dry climates in Chaparral and woodlands in part shade or shade and at low to mid elevation. It can grow in sandy, loamy, or clay soils as long as they are moist and well-drained. Found in the west coast of the US from California up to southern and western Washington.
Propagation Goal:	Plants
Propagation Method:	Seed
ProductType:	Container (plug)
Stock Type:	262 ml (16 in3) container
Time To Grow:	18 weeks to 19 months
Target Specifications:	Stock Type: Container seedling Root System: Firm plug in container.
Propagule Collection:	Seeds ripen in late summer to early fall (August/September)
Pre-Planting Treatments:	Seeds are placed in fine mesh bags into a 1% hydrogen peroxide (3:1 water/3% hydrogen peroxide) soak for 24 hours, rinsed, and placed in water for an additional 24 hours. The bags are placed in sealed containers in refrigeration at 1 to 3 °C for 90 days. It is very important to check seeds weekly. If mold is evident, seeds should be treated with 1% hydrogen peroxide.
Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:	Seeds are directly sown into containers. Seeds are lightly covered with nursery grit. Growing medium used is 40:20:20:20 peat:composted fir bark:perlite:pumice with Nutricote controlled release fertilizer (18N:6P2O5:8K2O with minors; 180-d release rate at 21C) at the rate of 1.5 gram Nutricote per 262 ml container. Seedlings remain in the greenhouse for 18 weeks, and are then moved to an outdoor growing area to induce dormancy. Seedlings may be held over in a greenhouse for an additional year. Average growing season of nursery is from mid-March until early October.
Establishment Phase:	Germination is not uniform and is usually complete in 3-4 weeks.
Length of Establishment Phase:	3 weeks
Active Growth Phase:	Seedlings grow very slowly throughout the active growth phase, and then become dormant in mid-summer. Following germination, plants are fertilized with soluble 12-2-14-6Ca-3Mg at 100 ppm for 2 weeks. During the growing season, fertilization depends on weather, and only occurs through the end of July. Soluble 20-9-20 NPK, 20-18-18 NPK, or 17-5-24 NPK at a range of 100 to 150 ppm is applied weekly.
Length of Active Growth Phase:	7 to 8 weeks
Hardening Phase:	No dry-down is done to induce dormancy. Seedlings are moved to an outdoor growing area in late August. If held over for an additional year, seedlings are moved outside in July.
Length of Hardening Phase:	8 weeks
Harvesting, Storage and Shipping:	Harvest Date: Mid-October Storage Conditions: Seedlings can be outplanted in fall to early winter, but are often held over for an additional year to ensure a full root plug. No storage except in outdoor growing area.
Other Comments:	Perennial Goes dormant in mid-summer and emerges larger in the following winter.
References:	Bonner FT, Karrfalt RB, Nisley RG, editors. 2008. The woody plant seed manual. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 727. 1223 p. Dorena Genetic Resource Center Propagation Records, unpublished. [ITIS] Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Cynoglossum grande Douglas ex Lehm. URL: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=501561#null (accessed 15 Jan 2020). Kelley RB. 2012, Cynoglossum grande. Berkley (CA): Jepson Flora Project URL: http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=21750 (accessed 15 Jan 2020). Nguyen K. 2017. Plant Propagation Protocol for Cynoglossum granda ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production. Seattle (WA): University of Washington. URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/CYGR.pdf (accessed 15 Jan 2020). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Cynoglossum grande Douglas ex Lehm. Pacific hound's tongue. URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CYGR (accessed 15 Jan 2020).

Citation:

Riley, Lee E.; Kamakura, Renata. 2020. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Cynoglossum grande Plants 262 ml (16 in3) container; USDA FS - Dorena Genetic Resource Center Cottage Grove, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/01). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.