Brickellia (californica)
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John W. Hunt Project Manager/Ecologist University of California - Chico California State University, Chico Chico, California 95929-0555 530-228-7594 530-898-4363 (fax) jwhunt@csuchico.edu www.idahobotanicalgarden.org |
| Family Scientific Name: | Asteraceae | ||
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| Family Common Name: | Sunflower | ||
| Scientific Name: | Brickellia californica | ||
| Common Name: | California brickellbush | ||
| Ecotype: | Seed collected at The Nature Conservancy's Dye Creek Preserve and Hog's Back Ridge, eastern Tehama County, California | ||
| General Distribution: | California, Idaho, Colorado, Texas, n Mexico. Diverse dry habitats below 2,700 m (Hickman 1993). | ||
| Propagation Goal: | plants | ||
| Propagation Method: | seed | ||
| ProductType: | Container (plug) | ||
| Time To Grow: | 0 | ||
| Propagule Collection: | Collect seed from fruits when fruit is completely ripe from mid-summer to early fall. | ||
| Propagule Processing: | Seed can be collected in large quantities from mature fruits. Seed was collected from late-summer to early fall (August to September); Approximately 1,000-2,000 seeds per gram, depending on individual, population, year and cleanliness of seed. it was impractical to clean seed thoroughly. Due to the ease with which large quantities of relatively pure seed was collected and thefact that seed contains pappus (typical of many Asteraceae) no attempt was made to thoroughly clean seed following collection. | ||
| Pre-Planting Treatments: | None, though clean dry seed was placed in dry, cold storage following collection and prior to sowing. | ||
| Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops: |
During November 2004, seed was directly sown into 1.5" deep flats containing a potting mixture of approximately 1:1:1:2 sand:pumice:peat moss:fir bark mixture. Flats were placed in an outdoor cold frame from late-fall though spring. This species took several months for any substantial germination to take place. Extremely poor (< 1%) germination was observed within the first 1.5 months, however, trays which were set-aside after germination trials continued to produce new seedlings until June 2005 (approximately 7months after initial seeding), though overall germination rates remained below 1%. | ||
| Establishment Phase: | Extremely low germination rates (> 1%) were observed and initial germination for seed sown in outdoor cold frames was observed within about 6 weeks (approximately 3 months). Germination continued untils approximately 5 months after initial seeding, though overall germination remained below 1%. Robust seedlings with spreading fibrous root systems were established by most individuals by the first summer. | ||
| Length of Establishment Phase: | Transplantable sprouts were established within approximately 8 weeks. | ||
| Active Growth Phase: | Active growth was observed approximately 2 months after seeding (February) until late-summer/early fall. The active growth phase can be extended well into summer by keeping soil moist. This species appears to grow well in moist soil well into summer with little problem. | ||
| Length of Active Growth Phase: | 6-8 months (later winter to late summer; older plants may not initiate above-ground growth until spring). | ||
| Hardening Phase: | Hardening is not necessary as the active growth is generally initiated between mid-late fall and continues until early fall, at which time senescenc occurs.Growth resumes following fall rains and possibly not until late winter/early spring (for older plants). | ||
| Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: | If soil is kept moist, individuals can be grown through the summer. | ||
| Other Comments: | Flowering: Late June - October: Seed collection: August-October (Oswald and Ahart 2002); Approximately 1,200 seeds per gram; Extremely low germination rates, but seed is very tiny and generally abundant year-to-year. Established seedlings may form small shrubs within the first year of growth. | ||
| References: | Hickman, James, Ed. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.; Oswald, Vern and Lowell Ahart. 2002. Selected Plants of Northern California and Adjacent Nevada. CNPS | ||
Citation:
Leigh, Mark; Pushnik, James C.; Boul, Rachelle D.; Brown, Matthew R.; Hunt, John W.; Koenig, David A.. 2006. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Brickellia californica plants University of California - Chico Chico, California. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/01). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.
