Rosaceae (Rosa)

Protocol Information for:

Label_title:
Rosa (carolina)

Family Names:

Family Scientific Name:
Rosaceae

Family Common Name:
Rose Family

Scientific Names:

Genus:
Rosa

Species:
carolina

Scientific Classification:

Scientific SubSpecies:

Species Authority:
L.

Scientific SubAuthority:

Authors:

Janet M. Grabowski

Common Synonym:

Genus:

Species:

Synonym Classification:

Synonym SubSpecies:

Species Authority:

Synonym SubAuthority:

Other Information:

Common Name:
Carolina rose

Species Code:
ROCA4

Ecotype:

General Distribution:
Native range extends from Maine to Minnesota, south to Florida and Texas.

Known Invasiveness:

Propagation Goal:
plants

Propagation Method:
vegetative

Product Type:
Container(plug), Propagules (seeds, cuttings, poles, etc.)

Stock Type:

Grow Time:
0

Target Specifications:
Stock Type: Containerized. Height: 0.3 to 1 meter (1 to 3 feet).

Propagation Collection:
Collected in Natchez Trace Parkway close to Jackson, Mississippi by PMC staff in July 1991 and June 1992 (root suckers); Janet Grabowskil in 1993, 1994, and 1995 (seeds).

Propagation Processing/Propagule Characteristics:
Seed Processing: Hips were collected when they were just turning red, because achenes from fully ripened hips have a higher level of dormancy (Dirr and Heuser, 1987). The hips were macerated in a blender and the pulp and immature seeds were floated off. Seeds were then dried and stored. Seeds/Kg: Rosa sp. seeds range from 53,000 to 106,000 per kilogram (Dirr and Heuser, 1987).

Pre-Planting Propagule Treatments:
Seed Treatments: Scarification in concentrated sulfuric acid for 45 minutes followed by cold stratification in moist growing medium for 3 months. Some rose species also require a period of warm stratification before cold stratification (Dirr and Heuser, 1985); however, germination of this seed appeared to be fairly good without warm stratification.

Growing Area Preparation / Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:
Propagation Environment: Field (division) and greenhouse (seeds). Seed Propagation Method: Division of plants was the main propagation method, however, some seedlings were also produced in the greenhouse. Container Type and Volume: 2-gallon plastic containers were the final planting container for the 3X section. Plants to be planted on the other sections needed to be held longer so they were moved from a 2 to a 3-gallon in 1995. Seedlings were initially planted in 4-inch pots before moving up to the 2-gallon size. Growing Media: Media was mixed by PMC staff and ranged from a 3:1 to 6:1 pine bark to sand medium throughout the production years.

Establishment Phase:
Sowing Date: February. Emergence and Date: Percentage not determined. Seedlings had sufficient growth within 2 to 3 months to be transplanted. Sowing/Planting Technique: Sow seed/growing medium mixture on the surface of the planting flat and then cover with 6 mm (1/4 inch) of additional medium.

Length of Establishment Phase:

Active Growth Phase:

Length of Active Growth Phase:

Hardening Phase:

Length of Hardening Phase:

Harvesting, Storage and Shipping:
Harvest Date: August.

Length of Storage:
<b>Storage Duration:</b> 2 to 4 years.

Guidelines for Outplanting / Performance on Typical Sites:

Other Comments:
Vegetative Propagation Method: Softwood cuttings root easily (Dirr and Heuser, 1985), however, cuttings were not taken during production for the Natchez Trace Parkway.
Propagator: Janet Grabowski, B.B. Billingsley, Jr.

References:
Dirr, M.A. and Heuser, C.W, Jr. 1985. The reference manual of woody plant propagation from seed to tissue culture. Varsity Press, Inc., Athens, GA. 239 p.

U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1974. Seeds of woody plants in the United States. Agriculture Handbook 450, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Citation:
Grabowski, Janet M.. 2001. Propagation protocol for production of Container(plug), Propagules (seeds, cuttings, poles, etc.) Rosa carolina L. plants USDA NRCS - Coffeeville/Jamie L. Whitten Plant Materials Center Coffeeville, Mississippi. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2025/04/25). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.

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