Bignoniaceae (Chilopsis)

Protocol Information for:

Label_title:
Chilopsis (linearis)

Family Names:

Family Scientific Name:
Bignoniaceae

Family Common Name:
Trumpet-creeper Family

Scientific Names:

Genus:
Chilopsis

Species:
linearis

Scientific Classification:

Scientific SubSpecies:

Species Authority:
(Cav.) Sweet

Scientific SubAuthority:

Authors:

Common Synonym:

Genus:

Species:

Synonym Classification:

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Species Authority:

Synonym SubAuthority:

Other Information:

Common Name:
Desert Willow

Species Code:

Ecotype:
Madrean Archipelago

General Distribution:
Found along washes and riverbanks below 5,000’ in the southwestern United States and Mexico (Row 2014). Desert willow is a valuable nectar source for hummingbirds and other pollinators, and it provides cover for wildlife (Row 2014). It provides streambank stabilization and is an important species for riparian restoration and erosion control (Bonner and Karrfalt 2008).

Known Invasiveness:

Propagation Goal:
Plants

Propagation Method:
Seed

Product Type:
Container (plug)

Stock Type:

Grow Time:

Target Specifications:

Propagation Collection:
Ripe seed pods are dark brown, brittle, and they will snap fairly easily off the plant. Entire pods should be collected.

Propagation Processing/Propagule Characteristics:
Place seed pods in large tub and stomp on them until seed and pod material is separated and most pod material is ≤1cm2. Sieve material to separate seeds from debris (sieve size will depend on how small the pieces of debris are). Seeds can be stored in cold (7°C), dry conditions for at least 4 years (Bonner and Karrfalt 2008). However, germination rates may decrease significantly after one year (Uchytil, 1990).

Pre-Planting Propagule Treatments:

Growing Area Preparation / Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:

Establishment Phase:
Seeds are not dormant and do not require stratification or scarification (Bonner and Karrfalt 2008). Germination rates of well-stored seeds is around 40-60%, though this most likely decreases with increasing storage times (Uchytil, 1990).

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Active Growth Phase:

Length of Active Growth Phase:

Hardening Phase:

Length of Hardening Phase:

Harvesting, Storage and Shipping:

Length of Storage:

Guidelines for Outplanting / Performance on Typical Sites:

Other Comments:

References:
Bonner, Franklin T. and Robert P. Karrfalt, eds.The woody plant seed manual, USDA Forest Service Agricultural Handbook No. 727. Government Printing Office, Washington DC: U.S Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2008. Kearney, Thomas H., and Robert H. Peebles. Arizona Flora. Berkeley: U of California, 1960. Print. Row, J. M. “Plant Guide for desert willow (Chilopsis linearis).” USDA NRCS Plant Guide. USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Manhattan, Kansas, 2014. Web. https://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_chli2.pdf [2017, January 6]. Uchytil, Ronald J. “Chilopsis linearis.” Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, 1990. Web. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2017, January 11].

Citation:
Allen-Cantú, Juniper; Claverie, Francesca; McNelis, Perin; Mount, Allegra. 2018. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet Plants Borderlands Restoration Patagonia, Arizona. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2025/07/22). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.

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